Robotics Intermediate 1

Robotics Intermediate Module 1 – Classic Autonomous Robot Behaviors

Course Code: HIA/ROBOTICS/INT01
(Institute / Category / Course)

Duration: 1 Month
Level: Intermediate
Prerequisite: Robotics Basic Modules / Arduino & Motor Control Fundamentals

What you'll learn

• Build autonomous robot behaviors using sensors
• Program obstacle avoidance logic using ultrasonic sensors
• Understand line-following robots using IR sensors
• Apply hardcoded decision-making in Arduino C++
• Combine sensors, motors, and logic into autonomous systems
• Develop foundational robotics navigation concepts

This course includes:

• 1 Final Autonomous Robot Project
• 12–16 Hours Live Practical Classes
• Online / Onsite (Physical)
• Robotics Sensor Labs
• Arduino C++ Practice
• Certificate of Completion

Course Content

Introduction to Autonomous Robotics

• What is an autonomous robot?
• Sensor-based robot behavior concepts
• Hardcoded logic vs AI-based robotics
• Understanding:

• Inputs
• Processing
• Outputs
  • Real-world autonomous robot examples

Using:
• Arduino Uno

Ultrasonic Obstacle Avoidance

• Review of ultrasonic sensors
• Measuring distance using trigger and echo pins
• Detecting obstacles in front of the robot
• Creating avoidance behaviors:

• Stop
• Reverse
• Turn
• Continue movement
  • Writing distance-based logic in Arduino C++

Using:
• HC-SR04

Autonomous Decision Logic

• Using:

• if
• else if
• else
  • Multi-condition robot behavior
  • Creating movement rules
  • Combining sensor readings with motor control
  • Timing and reaction logic basics

Example logic structure:
f(x)=\begin{cases}\text{Turn Left},&x<10\\text{Move Forward},&x\ge10\end{cases}

Line Following with IR Sensors

• Introduction to IR sensor modules
• Detecting black and white surfaces
• Understanding sensor positioning
• Robot path-following concepts
• Reading IR sensor values using digitalRead()

Using:
• IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor

Line Following Robot Logic

• Basic line-following algorithms
• Hardcoded movement behaviors:

• Move forward
• Slight left correction
• Slight right correction
• Stop
  • Combining multiple IR sensor readings
  • Calibrating sensor sensitivity basics

Motor Control Integration

• Integrating sensors with:

• L293D
  • Coordinating:
• Motor direction
• Speed control
• Turning behavior
  • Smooth movement adjustments

Mini Practice Activities

• Obstacle detection alarm
• Auto-turn robot behavior
• Basic line follower simulation
• IR sensor calibration practice
• Multi-sensor autonomous logic testing

Final Project

Project: Autonomous Navigation Robot

Features:

• Obstacle avoidance using ultrasonic sensors
• Line-following behavior using IR sensors
• Autonomous movement without remote control
• Hardcoded decision-making logic
• Integrated sensor and motor control system

Requirements

• Arduino and motor control knowledge required
• Basic robotics assembly experience recommended

Description

This course introduces students to classic autonomous robotics behaviors using Arduino and sensor-based logic. Students will build robots capable of obstacle avoidance and line following using hardcoded C++ decision-making techniques without artificial intelligence.

By the end of this program, learners will understand how autonomous robots sense environments and react using programmed behavioral rules.

Why Choose This Course?

• Real autonomous robotics concepts
• Hands-on sensor integration
• Practical robotics programming experience
• Strong foundation before AI robotics

Activities During Class

• Programming obstacle avoidance behaviors
• Testing ultrasonic sensors
• Calibrating IR line-following sensors
• Building autonomous navigation logic
• Simulating robotic movement scenarios

Who Is This Course For?

• Intermediate Arduino and robotics learners
• STEM and robotics students
• Future automation and AI robotics learners
• Hobbyists interested in autonomous systems

Course Highlights

• Autonomous Robotics Basics
• Ultrasonic Obstacle Avoidance
• IR Sensor Line Following
• Hardcoded C++ Robot Logic
• Sensor-Based Navigation
• Motor & Sensor Integration

🤖 Final Outcome

Students will be able to:
• Build autonomous robots using Arduino
• Program obstacle avoidance systems
• Create line-following robot behaviors
• Integrate sensors with motor control
• Apply logic-based robotics programming
• Understand foundational autonomous navigation systems

🚀 Next Step (Optional)

👉 Bluetooth & Wi-Fi Autonomous Robots
👉 ESP32 IoT Robotics
👉 Computer Vision Robotics
👉 AI & Machine Learning for Robotics